Blogging through Invitation to Sociology (2024)

 1. Summary I read a material that describes the link between demography and sociology. Demography is the study of demographic dynamics. It includes studies of the size, structure, and distribution of a population, as well as studies of how the population changes over time due to birth, death, migration, and aging. Demographic analysis can be related to the whole society, or to small groups defined by standards such as education, religion, race, etc. Before proposing complex theories to explain sociological phenomena at the macro and/or social level, sociologists must first switch to demographic indicators for possible explanations. Demographic analysis is a powerful tool for explaining various sociological phenomena. 2. What I learned The study of population, like sociology in general, is rooted in social changes that accompany the scientific and industrial revolutions. Some early mathematicians developed the Life Table in its primitive form, a life table often used for life insur...

 1. Summary I read some material that tells me about the correlation between technology and sociology. Technology is a set of methods or processes used to produce goods or services or to achieve goals such as scientific investigations. It can be knowledge of technology, processes, etc., or it can be built into machines, computers, devices, and factories, which can be operated by individuals without detailed knowledge of the operation of such things. Technology refers mainly to knowledge that drives production, but the product of technology is often referred to as technology because it can promote the production of a product or service or help it achieve its goals. 2. What I learned While there are many benefits to social networks, such as developing business networks or maintaining contact with friends and family who live far away, one criticism of social networks is that they provide a history of unpleasant behavior that can cause problems in an individual's life. Recent studies h...

 1. Summary I have read materials that describe the relevance of race and ethnicity to sociology. Race is a group of human beings that are believed to be distinct from other humans in some way based on physical differences, real or imagined. Race classification is rooted in the idea of biologically classifying humans based on their morphological characteristics, such as skin color or facial features. Instead of choosing where they belong as part of their identity, individuals are generally classified as externally racial groups. The concept of race as well as certain ethnic groups is often controversial because of their impact on social identity and how this identity affects someone's place in the social class. Ethnicity refers to social characteristics that are related to race but are shared by mankind, not physical characteristics. Unlike race, ethnicity is generally not externally specified by other individuals. The term ethnicity puts more emphasis on the group's connection...

1. Summary I have read materials that deal with the correlation between gender and sociology. Sociologists distinguish between genders and sexes. "Gender" refers to an individual's perceived or expected social position within a culturally established designation between masculine and feminine behavior. Gender refers to an individual's attempt to represent the masculine or feminine self, as well as to classify others according to the way they express the masculine or feminine self. However, gender generally refers to designating an individual in a socially constructed category based on genetic and biological factors recognized by healthcare, religion, family, and government authorities. 2. an interesting point Like "sex," gender is a socially constructed interpretation of human behavior patterns. Specifically, gender refers to granting discriminatory social status based on shared understanding of what constitutes masculine and/or feminine behavior. Thus, gend...

 1. Summary I have read a resource that describes social inequality. Social inequality occurs when resources within a society are unevenly distributed, which is often the result of unequal allocation practices that create distinct inequality patterns according to socially defined categories of people. Differences in the way we approach social goods within a society are influenced by factors such as power, religion, blood ties, fame, race, ethnicity, gender, age, sexual orientation, and class. Social inequality generally implies a lack of equality in outcomes, but it can also be conceptualized as a lack of equality in access to opportunities. Social inequality is commonly associated with economic inequality, which is explained on the basis of unequal distribution of income or wealth. 2. What I learned Social inequality is formed by various structural factors, such as geographic location and citizenship status, and is often supported by cultural discourses and identities that define ...

1. Summary I read some material that describes social stratification. Social stratification refers to the classification of people into groups in a society based on socioeconomic factors such as wealth, income, race, education, ethnicity, gender, occupation, social status, or derived power. It is a hierarchy within a group that grants different levels of authority. Therefore, stratification is the relative social position of an individual within a social group, category, geographic area, or social unit. In modern Western society, the social class is defined as the upper class, the middle class, and the lower class. The classification of people by social class most clearly occurs in complex state-based, multicenter, or feudal societies, with the latter based on socioeconomic relationships between the aristocratic and peasant classes. Since determining social stratification arises from the status inequality between individuals, the social class of individuals is determined by the degree ...

1. Summary I read a material that explains the sociology of dramaturgie. Dramaturgie is a sociological perspective that analyzes microscopic social explanations of everyday social interactions through the metaphors of performance and theater dramaturgie, and analyzes these interactions by dividing them into "actors," "audience" members, and various front and back stages. The term was first applied as sociology in theaters by Erving Gopman, who developed the most relevant terms and ideas in his 1956 book The Presentation of One's Daily Life. Theatrical metaphor can be seen in the etymology of the word persona, which originates from the Latin word persona meaning "a mask worn by an actor." One behaves differently in front of others. One chooses clothes that match the image he wants to project. They ask for the help of friends, catering staff, and decorators to successfully "stage" a gala for a friend's dinner, a birthday party for a relativ...

1. Summary I read a material that describes symbolic interactions. Symbolic interactionism is a sociological theory that develops from practical considerations and implies the use of shared language by humans to generate common symbols and meanings for use in personal and interpersonal communication. According to Macionis, symbolic interactionism is "a framework for theory building that sees society as the product of individual daily interactions." In other words, it is a frame of reference for better understanding how individuals interact with each other to create a symbolic world, and in return, how these worlds shape individual behavior. It is a framework that helps us understand how society is preserved and created through iterative interactions between individuals. The process of interpretation that occurs between interactions helps create and recreate meaning. It is a shared understanding and interpretation of meaning that affects the interactions between individuals. I...

 1. Summary I've read material that describes social networks. Social networks are social structures consisting of a set of social actors (e.g., individuals or organizations), sets of one-to-one relationships, and other social interactions between actors. The social network perspective provides a set of methods for analyzing the structure of society as a whole, and different theories explaining the patterns observed in these structures. In the study of these structures, we use social network analysis to identify regional and global patterns, find influential entities, and investigate network dynamics. 2. What I learned Social networks are a useful theoretical construct for studying relationships between individuals, groups, organizations, or entire societies in social science. The term is used to describe the social structures determined by such interactions. The axiom of social network approaches for understanding social interactions is that social phenomena should be identified a...

 1. Summary I read materials that explain sociology and social structure. Social structure refers to a continuous relationship or bond between individuals or groups of individuals. The concept of social structure as a pattern of relationships between various individuals or groups, or continuous and relatively stable relationships, highlights the idea that societies are grouped into structurally related groups or sets of roles with different functions, meanings, or objectives. Within various social structures, social treatment of individuals can be understood as being related to their background. 2. What I learned Early work on social structures informed the study of institutions, cultures and subjects, social interactions, and history. One of the earliest and most comprehensive accounts of social structures was provided by Karl Marx, who related political, cultural, and religious life to the way it was produced. Marx argued that the economic foundations and superstructures actually...

 1. Summary Among sociology, I read materials that explain the theory of deviation. Deviation is often divided into two types of deviant activities. First, crime is an act that violates officially enacted laws and is called a formal deviation. Examples of formal deviations include robbery, theft, rape, murder, and assault. The second type of deviant behavior refers to a violation of informal social norms, that is, norms not codified by law, and is called informal deviation. Deviations can vary considerably from culture to culture. Considering that cultural norms are relative, what you need to break away from them is also relative 2. What I learned Deviation can be explained in many types. There are also psychological and biological elements, and there are social-tense typology, structural functionalism, conflict theory, and labeling theory. Among them, structural functionalism argues that deviant behavior plays an important role in society for a number of reasons. In a sense, peopl...

 1. Summary I read some material that explains socialization. Socialization is a fundamental sociological concept that consists of many components. It is the process that prepares humans to function in social life and stresses that it is culturally relative. In other words, people from different cultures and those who occupy different races, classes, genders, sexual, religious, and social positions are socialized differently. These distinctions essentially do not force evaluative judgment, and they should not. It should also be noted that socialization is a key sociological process in the development of individuals who can function in human society, but not all aspects of human behavior are learned. 2. an interesting point Socialization is a life process, but it is usually divided into two parts. Primary socialization occurs during the early years of life in childhood and adolescence. Secondary socialization refers to socialization that occurs during childhood and when meeting...

 1. Summary I have read materials that explain what a government is and what activities it conducts. A government is an organized community, which is usually a system or group of people that govern a country. The word government is derived from the Greek verb κ υ βε ρνά [kubernáo], which means to manipulate with a gubernaculum, and this metaphorical meaning is evidenced in the ancient literature, including Plato's national ships. Also, it is often used more specifically to refer to about 200 independent state governments and subsidiary organizations, such as state and local governments and local governments, on Earth. 2. What I learned One reason to explain the emergence of governments involves agriculture. After the Neolithic Revolution, agriculture was an efficient way to produce surplus food. This allowed people to specialize in non-agricultural activities. Some of them also included the ability to govern others as external authorities. Others included social experiments using ...

 1. Summary I read a resource that explains how society and political science are related. Politics is the process by which people make socioeconomic decisions, and while the term commonly applies to actions within civil governments, politics has been observed in all human group interactions, including businesses, academics, and religious organizations. It consists of social relations involving authority or power, regulation of political units, and methods and tactics used to establish and apply social policy. 2. What I learned Political power is a type of power in society that allows a group to manage the distribution of public resources, including labor and wealth, and is not limited to the head of state. However, I believe that power is the ability to influence the behavior of others, with or without resistance. In government, authority is used in the same sense as the term power, but the meaning is different. Authority refers to claims about the legitimacy, justification, and r...

 1. Summary I read some materials comparing economic sociology and socioeconomics. Economic sociology is the study of social causes and consequences of various economic phenomena, and the field can be broadly divided into the classical era and the modern era known as neuroeconomic sociology. Socioeconomics is the social science that studies how economic activity affects and shapes social processes, which typically analyzes how modern society develops, stagnates, and regresses due to the local or global economy. 2. an interesting point Economic sociology has emerged as a new approach to economic phenomenon analysis. It specifically emphasizes the role of economic structures and institutions in acting on society, and the impact of society on the nature of economic structures and institutions. Modern economic sociology places particular emphasis on the social consequences of economic exchange, the social meanings that they contain, and the social interactions that it facilitates or hi...

 1. Summary I've read some data about economies that are very deeply connected to society. An economy is the way people use their environment to meet their material needs. This includes the production, exchange, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in the region. Certain economies are the end result of processes that include technological evolution, history, and social organization, as well as geography, natural resource retention, ecology, and more. These factors provide the context and content in which an economy operates, and set the conditions and parameters. 2. an interesting point Capitalist economics developed through the interaction of the following five items. Five factors, namely raw materials, money, labor, means of production, and production, collectively known as capital goods and consumer goods, influenced and influenced each other to develop the capitalist market. Market is a term used by economists to describe the central exchange where people can buy...

 1. Summary I have read some resources that explain religious sociology. Religious sociology is the study of the beliefs, practices, and organizational forms of religion using tools and methods in the field of sociology. These objective surveys may include the use of both quantitative methods (questionnaires, polls, demographics and census analysis) and qualitative approaches (participant observation, interviews, archival, historical and archival data analysis). 2. What I learned The essence of Marx's argument is that humans are best guided by reason. Marx argued that religion is essentially a serious impediment to reason, which obscures the truth and misleads followers. Durkheim took a keen interest in the issue of uniting complex modern societies and argued that religion was an expression of social cohesion. Religion is realistic for Durkheim. To him, it is an expression of religious society itself, and there is no society that actually does not have religion. Weber argues that r...

 1. Summary I have read some data on the relationship between sociology and religion. The study of religion by a sociologist is conducted in a similar way to the study of institutions. The goal is primarily to understand religion, but the effort to understand it also includes the goal of predicting what religion will eventually do. To do this, sociologists use demographic techniques, survey analysis, ethnography, and a variety of other methodological approaches. This requires sociologists to assume a relativistic perspective that basically takes a neutral stance on the issues of right and wrong, true and false. 2. What I learned Durkheim argued that the definition of religion depends on distinguishing between what is seen as separate from everyday life and what is called the everyday and normal element of society. It is important to note here that the sacred element of social life constitutes religion. However, since it is clear that sacredness and profaneity vary from country to c...

 1. Summary I read a material that describes the Free Culture Movement. The Free Culture Movement brings ideals of the Free and Open Source Software Movement and extends it to all cultural and creative work in the software field. In the early days of Creative Commons, Richard Stallman supported the organization. He withdrew his application due to the introduction of several licenses, including sampling licenses, in developing countries. Stallman later restored some support when Creative Commons discarded those licenses. 2. What I learned Criticism of the free culture movement comes from copyright advocates. Andrew Keen, a critic of Web 2.0, described Lessig as an "intellectual property communist" in his book, Culture of the Amateur, criticizing some free culture ideas. While the news media industry's falling market share is attributed to free culture, scholars like Clay Shirley argue that the market itself, not free culture, is killing the journalism industry. 3. Question...

 1. Summary I read about resources that inform us about culture. People who use culture tend not to use culture in plural. They believe that there is not a distinct culture with its own internal logic and values, but only a single standard that every group should be held accountable for. However, cultures do not only have sophisticated and unified high-class cultures from the classical age, but there are also many kinds of cultures, including popular cultures that they consider low-class. 2. What I learned Today, most social scientists reject cultural and non-cultural concepts about culture. Instead, social scientists accept and advocate for the definition of culture as a "nurturing" component of human social life. Social scientists recognize that non-elites are as cultured as the elite. They just have different cultures. Highly valuable cultural concepts are often produced by strategic use of existing patterns of taste, preference, and social inequality, which reveal power r...