W15.1 June 10 (Mon) - Hong gyeongmin(홍경민)

 

1)

Demography is the study of population dynamics. It includes the study of the size, structure and distribution of the population, as well as the study of how the population changes over time due to various factors such as birth and death.

The study of population, like sociology in general, is rooted in social change that accompanies the scientific and industrial revolutions. Some early mathematicians developed the primitive form of the life table, a life table often used for life insurance and accounting purposes.

Demographics rely primarily on large datasets derived from census and registration statistics. Since demographics are interested in demographic changes, demographers focus on specific indicators of change. Two of the most important indicators are fertility and mortality. For fertility rates, a country's level of development or whether women are educated has a lot of influence. Next, for mortality rates, they generally live longer than in the past. Recent studies have shown that one of the variables that best predicts longevity is education. Even when other factors are controlled, the more education you receive, the longer you can expect to live.

The demographic transition is a model and theory that describes the transition from high birth rates and mortality rates to low birth rates and mortality rates that occur as part of national economic development. In pre-industrial societies, population growth is relatively slow because both birth rates and mortality rates are high. In most post-industrial societies, both birth rates and mortality rates are low. The transition from high to low interest rates is called a demographic transition.

 

2)

What's interesting about this paragraph is the argument that simply feeding the population cannot solve problems. This suggests that complex problems are intertwined, which are more than just food distribution. What's surprising is that overpopulation can lead to not only famine, but also a variety of serious problems, including a lack of energy and natural resources, the spread of infectious diseases, and war. In particular, warnings that population growth can directly cause famine and deforestation, and indirectly cause disease and war seem to be a strong argument for population control.

 

3)

Which do you think is a better option for our lives, overpopulation or underpopulation? Explain why.

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