W9.1 April 29 (Mon) Kim da young

summary

Socialization is a life process, but it is generally divided into two parts. Primary socialization occurs early in life during childhood and adolescence. Secondary socialization refers to socialization that occurs during childhood and throughout life when a person encounters new groups that require additional socialization. Although some scholars argue that only one of these occurs, most social scientists tend to combine the two, arguing that an individual's basic or core identity develops during primary socialization and that later, more specific changes occur through secondary socialization. there is. - Respond to differently structured social situations by acquiring new group memberships and roles. The need for socialization in later life may stem from the increasing complexity of society with an increasing variety of roles and responsibilities. Of course, socialization is a social process. It involves interactions between people. As noted in the distinction between primary and secondary, socialization can occur in a variety of situations and as a result of contact with numerous groups. Some of the more important contributors to the socialization process are parents, guardians, friends, school, siblings or other family members, social clubs (e.g. religious or sports teams), life partners (romantic or platonic), and peers. Each of these groups contains a culture that socializers must learn and apply to some extent to fit into the group.

Interesting point

Socialization, a concept in social science research, has evolved over time. Although the basic ideas described above have been components of most understandings of socialization, definitions and theories of socialization have varied widely. Because diversity in definitions is often beneficial, some of these approaches are presented here. Symbolic interactionism - the self develops as a result of interrelated social interactions and interpretive processes. As a result, socialization is highly dependent on the situations in which actors find themselves and how these situations are “understood” by beings or others. This approach also argues that socialization is a continuous, life-long process. Role Theory - Socialization is considered the process of acquiring appropriate norms, attitudes, self-image, values, and role behaviors that enable acceptance within a group and effective performance of a new role. In this framework, socialization is viewed as a conservative force that allows for the perpetuation of social organization despite the replacement of individual members over time.

Reinforcement Theory - The ego develops as a result of cognitive evaluation of costs and benefits. This understanding assumes that the moderator is someone who negotiates independently and actively to gain advantages in relationships with role partners and member groups when approaching a new role. Internalization Theory - Socialization is a series of stages through which individuals learn how to participate in various levels of social organization. This theory asserts that in addition to a moral conscience, children internalize a common system of cognitive frames of reference and expressive symbols for interpersonal relationships. This approach was advocated by Talcott Parsons. A recent study showed that human children are hardwired to accurately imitate adult roles, including non-utilitarian behaviors. This is called 'overimitation', and although it seems maladaptive from an evolutionary perspective, it is likely one of the human traits that facilitates the transmission of culture from generation to generation. However, despite this possibility, arguments in this context typically emphasize conformity among children and ignore change and deviance (especially in the context of minority groups).

Points to discuss

Why is socialization important?