[W12.2] Social stratification - Shim ChaeYeon(심채연)

 1) Summary

Social stratification means classifying people into groups based on socioeconomic factors such as wealth, income, race, education, ethnicity, gender, occupation, social status, or power. Social stratification has various social, economic, and political consequences. In addition, social stratification is deeply related to social mobility, which means movement between classes or within a stratification system. Social mobility is divided into intra-generational mobility and intergenerational mobility, and there are open stratification systems and closed systems.

There are various theories about social stratification. Karl Marx emphasized the conflict between the ruling and the underprivileged, explaining stratification as a relationship with the means of production. On the other hand, Max Weber described stratification as three factors: social reputation and political power, as well as economic status. In addition, the theory of structural functionalism argues that social inequality is essential for the smooth operation of society.

The Elite Theory describes the process by which the power elite marries each other, cooperates, and retains power through education and connections to maintain the high status of society. This is blamed for the power imbalance within society, and the power elite plays an important role in the political, military, and corporate fields.

From an anthropological point of view, it distinguishes between an egalitarian society and a stratified society. In an egalitarian society, kinship is emphasized and stratification is prevented through social harmony and mutual altruism. On the other hand, stratification and conflict can occur in an economic-oriented culture by emphasizing status and material wealth.

Social stratification is an important concept related to complex social structures that can be understood through various factors and theories. It provides deep insights into social inequality, mobility, and power structures.


2) Something interesting or new that I learned

It was interesting that there are four basic principles that underlie the social class. It is a necessary process for all sociological research, but it is interesting that some standards have been established for the classes of society in which people feel vaguely (abstract) even though their formal classes have disappeared in everyday life. It is also interesting that this stratification occurs between countries.


3) Questions & Discussions

In this document, social stratification was viewed from various perspectives and theories. Which opinion do you think is the most valid?

What is the current level of social mobility in Korean society? Is it open or closed? Many people seem to think that Korean society has closed mobility between classes. If so, how can we make flexible mobility possible?

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